（2025届河北省高考三下学期高考冲刺模拟考试（Ⅱ）英语试题）Much has been written about how modern lifestyles mean we are no longer getting enough sleep, unlike our ancestors living in less technologically advanced times. However, an analysis of 54 sleep studies has found that people in small, non-industrialized societies actually get less sleep than those in more industrialized regions.
It is often assumed that the rise of electronic devices like smartphones means that people today are sleeping less than in the recent past. Many studies that report a decrease in sleep in the past few decades are based on asking people how long they sleep, which is an unreliable measure. Research using more reliable assessment tools, such as physical activity monitors, hasn’t found a decrease over recent decades. But these studies are done in industrialized countries, leaving open the question of whether people got more sleep prior to industrialization.
The availability of wearable sleep monitors has made it easier to study sleep in non-industrialized societies. McKinnon and her colleague David Samson have now analyzed 54 sleep studies, comparing sleeping habits in industrialized societies, including the US, Australia and Sri Lanka, with those in smaller, non-industrialized communities, including Indigenous peoples in the Amazon, Madagascar and Tanna Island in the Pacific.
The 54 studies involved direct measurements of sleep in people aged 18 and over who had no serious health conditions. The pair found that in non-industrialized societies, the average was 6.4 hours, compared with 7.1 hours in industrial societies. They also found that people in non-industrialized societies were asleep for 74 percent of the time they were in bed, compared with 88 percent in industrial societies, a measure known as sleep efficiency.
Samson owes the higher sleep duration and efficiency in industrialized societies to safer and more secure sleep conditions. He remarks, “We no longer need to worry about enemies or predators (捕食者) at night.” “While these studies involve only 866 people in total, the data set is the most comprehensive yet,” says Samson.
177．What is the misconception about sleep?
A．People with less advanced technologies sleep less.
B．People in non-industrialized societies get less sleep.
C．The increasing use of phones impacts sleep positively.
D．Modern lifestyles lead to a decrease in people’s sleep time.
178．How did McKinnon and Samson conduct their research?
A．By analyzing previous studies on sleep. B．By comparing the data set of sleep habits.
C．By recording people’s sleep time directly. D．By measuring sleep duration and efficiency.
179．What can be learned from McKinnon and Samon’s analysis?
A．Americans have lower sleep efficiency.
B．Sri Lankans sleep 6.4 hours per day on average.
C．Amazons enjoy safe and secure sleep conditions.
D．Tanna Islanders have less sleep than Australians.
180．What is Samson’s attitude towards the 54 studies?
A．Doubtful. B．Cautious. C．Dismissive. D．Approving.
【答案】177．D 178．B 179．D 180．D
【知识点】科普知识 、说明文
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